Iwasha yasentwasahlobo
Inkcazo
Isangqa sahlulwa kwinqanaba elinye kwaye sigobele kwimilo yokujikeleza. Oku kubangela ukuba i-washer isebenzise amandla entwasahlobo phakathi kwentloko ye-fastener kunye ne-substrate, egcina i-washer ilukhuni ngokuchasene ne-substrate kunye nomtya we-bolt onzima ngokuchasene ne-nut okanye i-substrate umsonto, ukudala ukungqubana okungakumbi kunye nokumelana nokujikeleza. Imigangatho esebenzayo yi-ASME B18.21.1, i-DIN 127 B, kunye ne-United States ye-Military Standard NASM 35338 (eyayisakuba yi-MS 35338 kunye ne-AN-935).
I-washer yasentwasahlobo yi-helix yesandla sasekhohlo kwaye ivumela umsonto ukuba uqiniswe kwicala lasekunene kuphela, okt ulwalathiso lwewotshi. Xa kusetyenziswa ukujika kwesandla sasekhohlo, umda ophakanyisiweyo uluma ungene emazantsi e-bolt okanye nut kunye nenxalenye ebotshelelwe kuyo, ke oko kukuchasa ukujika. Ke ngoko, iiwasha zentwasahlobo azisebenzi kwimisonto yesandla sasekhohlo nakwimigangatho eqinileyo. Kananjalo, azizukusetyenziswa ngokudibene ne-washer ethe tyaba phantsi kwe-washer yasentwasahlobo, njengoko oku kukwahlula isherher yasentwasahlobo ekulungeni iye kwicandelo elingayi kuvuma ukujika.
Isibonelelo sentsimbi yokutshixa kwentwasahlobo ilele kwimilo yetrapezoidal yewasha. Xa ucinezelwe kwimithwalo kufutshane namandla obungqina bebhanti, iya kuguquka kwaye icabalele. Oku kunciphisa inqanaba lentwasahlobo lendibaniselwano evaliweyo evumela ukugcina amandla ngakumbi phantsi kwenqanaba elifanayo lokungcangcazela. Oku kuthintela ukukhululeka.
Izicelo
I-washer yasentwasahlobo ithintela amantongomane kunye neebhanti ekujikeni, ekutyibilikeni nasekuphumeni ngenxa yentshukumo kunye netorque. I-washer yasentwasahlobo eyahlukeneyo yenza lo msebenzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubamba i-nut kunye ne-bolt endaweni yayo. Amanye ama-washer entwasahlobo afezekisa lo msebenzi ngokuluma kwizinto ezisisiseko (i-bolt) kunye nenut kunye neziphelo zazo.
I-washers yasentwasahlobo zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezibandakanya ukungcangcazela kunye nokushenxiswa okunokwenzeka kwezinto zokubopha. Amashishini ahlala esebenzisa iiwasha zasentwasahlobo ezinxulumene nezothutho (iimoto, iinqwelomoya, ulwandle). Izixhobo zokuhlambela zasentwasahlobo zinokusetyenziswa nakwizinto zasendlini ezifana nezinto zokuphatha umoya kunye nezokuhlamba iimpahla (oomatshini bokuhlamba iimpahla).
| 公 称 直径 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | （14） | |
| d | Min | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 10.2 | 12.3 | 14.3 |
| Ubukhulu | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 8.7 | 10.7 | 12.8 | 14.9 | |
| h | 公 称 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 |
| Min | 0.52 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.35 | 2.85 | 3.3 | 3.8 | |
| Ubukhulu | 0.68 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.65 | 3.15 | 3.7 | 4.2 | |
| n | Min | 0.52 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.35 | 2.85 | 3.3 | 3.8 |
| Ubukhulu | 0.68 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.65 | 3.15 | 3.7 | 4.2 | |
| H | Min | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Ubukhulu | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6.5 | 8 | 9 | 10.5 | |
| Ubunzima≈ikg | 0.023 | 0.053 | 0.097 | 0.182 | 0.406 | 0.745 | 1.53 | 2.82 | 4.63 | 6.85 | |
| 公 称 直径 | 16 | （18） | 20 | （22） | 24 | （27） | 30 | 36 | 42 | 48 | |
| d | Min | 16.3 | 18.3 | 20.5 | 22.5 | 24.5 | 27.5 | 30.5 | 36.6 | 42.6 | 49 |
| Ubukhulu | 16.9 | 19.1 | 21.3 | 23.3 | 25.5 | 28.5 | 31.5 | 37.8 | 43.8 | 50.2 | |
| h | 公 称 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6.5 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Min | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 8.7 | |
| Ubukhulu | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 9.3 | |
| n | Min | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 8.7 |
| Ubukhulu | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 8.3 | 9.3 | |
| H | Min | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 18 |
| Ubukhulu | 10.5 | 11.5 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 21 | 23 | |
| Ubunzima≈ikg | 7.75 | 11 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 26.2 | 28.2 | 37.6 | 51.8 | 78.7 | 114 | |
